📖 AP Chemistry

AP Chemistry Practice

AP Chemistry practice questions with explanations

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📝 Sample Questions

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Medium
Which of the following combinations is true when sodium chloride melts?
  1. A. Δ H > 0 and Δ S > 0 ✓
  2. B. Δ H = 0 and Δ S > 0
  3. C. Δ H > 0 and Δ S < 0
  4. D. Δ H < 0 and Δ S < 0
Explanation: A —Heat is required to melt something (Δ H > 0). A transformation from a solid to a liquid gives an increase in entropy (Δ S > 0).
Medium
Mercury(II) chloride, HgCl _{2} , dissolves in water as discrete molecules. What is a simple procedure for determining that this is true?
  1. A. Observe the presence of molecules with an optical microscope.
  2. B. Use paper chromatography.
  3. C. Measure the electrical conductivity of the solution. ✓
  4. D. Add silver nitrate solution to precipitate the chloride ion as AgCl.
Explanation: C —If the solute is an electrolyte, the solution will conduct electricity. Nonelectrolytes do not conduct electricity. Strong electrolytes conduct electricity extremely well. Weak electrolytes also conduct electricity, but not as well as a strong electrolyte.
Easy
Wait, let me look carefully. Left molecule: leftmost C has three H's (top, left, bottom). The right C has two H's (right, bottom) and an O-H group on top. So that's CH3-CH2-OH = ethanol. Right molecule: O with two H's = water. Under which of the following conditions would the predictions made by the ideal gas law be most accurate for a real gas?
  1. A. Low pressure and temperature
  2. B. High pressure and temperature
  3. C. High pressure and low temperature
  4. D. Low pressure and high temperature ✓
Explanation: An ideal gas is an imaginary gas whose behavior with regards to temperature, pressure, and volume is completely described by the ideal gas law,PV=nRT. These ideal gases are assumed to experience no interparticle forces of attraction and to have completely elastic collisions (the kinetic energy is co
Medium
Fe(OH) _{2} (s) + _____ H _{3} PO _{4} (aq) → _____ Fe _{3} (PO _{4} ) _{2} (s) + _____ H _{2} O(l)
  1. A. 3
  2. B. 1
  3. C. 9
  4. D. 6 ✓
Explanation: D —The balanced equation is 3 Fe(OH) _{2} (s) + 2 H _{3} PO _{4} (aq) → Fe _{3} (PO _{4} ) _{2} (s) + 6 H _{2} O(l). If you had trouble balancing this equation, you need more practice.
Hard
ZnS(s) + 2 H ^{+} (aq) ⇆ Zn ^{2+} (aq) + H _{2} S(aq)
  1. A. 1.7 × 10 ^{-17}
  2. B. 6.3 × 10 ^{-56}
  3. C. 1.7 × 10 ^{2} ✓
  4. D. 5.9 × 10 ^{16}
Explanation: C — The equilibrium given is the sum of the following three equilibriums: the dissolution of ZnS ($K_{sp}$), the first dissociation of $H_2S$ ($K_{a1}$), and the second dissociation ($K_{a2}$). To find the overall $K$, multiply these constants: $K = K_{sp} \times \frac{1}{K_{a1}} \times \frac{1}{K_{

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